Cybertelecom Federal Internet Law & Policy An Educational Project

Statistics: Broadband

See Subscriber Charts: Internet Subs by Physical Network

• OECD
  • OECD broadband up 18% in 2007 but new report says more could be done, OECD 5/22/2008
  • OECD updates broadband portal with December 2007 data, OECD 5/22/2008
  • Understanding International Broadband Comparisons, NextGenWeb 5/22/2008
  • OECD broadband up 18% in 2007 but new report says more could be done, OECD 5/20/2008
  • OECD broadband statistics, Telecom Industry and Regulation 12/4/2007
  • OECD Broadband Portal, PFF 11/13/2007
  • OECD launches new broadband portal, Info and Comm Policy 11/8/2007
  • Aiming at the Wrong Target, Verizon 7/24/2007
  • Is U.S. broadband access truly lagging?, CNET 7/18/2007
  • Broadband prices per megabit around the world, MuniWireless 7/10/2007
  • U.S. Improves Broadband Penetration Rankings - By one spot, from 25th to 24th..., DSLreports 8/24/2007
  • How is the OECD Different From the FCC? OECD Takes It's Number Seriously., Tales from the Sausage Factory 5/30/2007
  • OECD Broadband Statistics to December 2006, OECD 4/24/2007
  • U.S. Drops Further In Global Broadband Rankings - New OECD data now puts U.S. 15th in broadband penetration, Broadband Reports 4/24/2007
  • NTIA Fact Sheet on Broadband Use in the United States, NTIA 4/27/2007
  • OECD Broadband Statistics, June 2006, OECD 10/17/2006
  • OECD Broadband Statistics, December 2005
  • Internet Traffic Exchange: Market Developments and Measurement of Growth, OECD 4/12/2006
    • Europe moves to top of OECD broadband rankings, OECD 4/12/2006
    • OECD Broadband Statistics, December 2005, OECD 4/12/2006
    • Iceland: We're No 1 In Broadband!, Networking Pipeline 4/12/2006
    • Global Broadband Stats - U.S. tops in totals, twelfth in penetration, Broadband Reports 4/12/2006
    • US really lags in broadband: 12th according to the OECD, Muniwireless 4/12/200
  • OECD, ICCP Broadband Update (Oct. 2003)
    • International Broadband Penetration as of Dec 2001

    Country	Broadband Households (in thousands)	Broadband As  % if Total  Households	Internet Households (in thousands)	Internet As % Of total Households
    United States	11,200	10.4	56,376	52.3
    South Korea	7500	51.7	8265	57.0
    Japan	2570	5.8	21497	48.2
    Canada	2300	19.7	6505	55.6
    Germany	2090	5.4	14,858	39.1
    Taiwan	112	18.2	2604	42.0
    France	605	2.5	7448	30.4
    Netherlands	550	8.1	4196	61.7
    Hong Kong	545	26.0	1241	59.1
    Sweden	542	13.4	2546	62.1

• ITU
  • ITU: Birth of Broadband, ITU Internet Report, (Sept 2003) Figure 1.3 page 3
    • Broadband Adoption Rates Around the World
    • Broadband adoption, subscribers per 100 inhabitants, by technology, 2002
    • Korea 21.3
    • Hong Kong 14.9
    • Canada 11.2
    • Taiwan 9.4
    • Denmark 8.6
    • Belgium 8.4
    • Iceland 8.4
    • Sweden 7.8
    • Netherlands  7.2
    • Japan  7.1
    • United States 6.9
    • Austria  6.6
    • Switzerland  6.3
    • Singapore 5.5
    • Finland  5.3
    • Birth of Broadband, ITU Internet Report, (Sept 2003) Figure 1.1, page 1
• FCC
  • Long Past Due for Broadband Maps, Cisco 10/30/2007
  • House Passes Broadband Mapping Bill, eweek 11/20/2007
  • FCC Releases Its Bogus Broadband Data Once Again, Techdirt 11/5/2007
  • Broadband Mapping Bill Moves Forward - Markey: 'Can't fly blind' when it comes to policy, DSLreports 11/1/2007
  • The FCC's Rose-Colored Broadband Glasses - It's that time of year again...., DSLreports 11/1/2007
  • DSL and Cable Modem Loses over 24% Market Share in One Year??!!, TeleFrieden 11/1/2007
  • NB: FCC Methodology is whether a broadband service (AKA "Advanced telecommunications service" which is < 200 kbps one direction) provides service to one subscriber in a particular zip code. If "yes", then there is a broadband service provider in that zip code. While this methodology has been criticized, the methodology has been consistent over time and 200 kbps is a clear demarcation over dial up and ISDN. FCC data is regularly collected and released on (I think) a 6 month basis.
  • FCC RELEASES DATA ON HIGH-SPEED SERVICES FOR INTERNET ACCESS REPORT, FCC 7/28/2006
  • FCC Releases Data on High Speed Internet, FCC 4/5/2006
    • High-speed Net service in U.S. up one-third, MSNBC 4/5/2006
    • FCC Releases Annual Broadband Report - Martin: 'The U.S. is doing exceptionally well.', Broadband Reports 4/5/2006
    • Report: U.S. Broadband Not So Hot - 'The United States has Stumbled', Broadband Reports 4/5/2006
  • FCC Releases Data on High-Speed Internet Access Connections., FCC 7/8/2005
    • FCC chairman lauds broadband access increase a bit too loud, Free Press 7/8/2005
    • DSL Leads High-Speed Surge, Wash Post 7/8/2005
    • High-Speed Internet Subscribers Revved in 2004, Clickz 7/8/2005
  • High-Speed Services for Internet Access. Provides summary statistics of subscribership data that facilities-based providers of high-speed services file twice a year on FCC Form 477. 06/03 Release. As of 12/31/02. HSPD0603.PDF (871K) 
  • FCC Fourth Sec. 706 Report (Sept. 2004)
    • In terms of absolute numbers of broadband subscribers, the U.S. leads the world. In terms of residential broadband penetration (number of subscribers per 100 people), however, the ITU’s 2003 Birth of Broadband Report ranked the U.S. eleventh in 2002 [p.41]
  • FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION RELEASES DATA ON HIGH-SPEED SERVICES FOR INTERNET ACCESS. News Release. News Media Contact: Michael Balmoris at (202) 418-0253, email: Michael.Balmoris@fcc.gov WCB. Contact (202) 418-0940, TTY: (202) 418-0484, FCC 6/14/2004
  • FCC Releases Data on High-speed Services For Internet Access., FCC 1/5/2004
  • Commission Releases Data on High-Speed Services for Internet Access., FCC 6/12/03
  • 7/23/02 FCC Releases Data on High-Speed Services for Internet Access. News Release: Text | Word | Acrobat
• Pew
  • Home Broadband Adoption 2007, Pew 7/5/2007
  • Home Broadband Adoption 2006, Pew 6/2/2006
  • Rural Broadband Internet Use, Pew Internet (February 2006)
    • Broadband Gap Narrowing Between Rural, Urban America: Survey, Information Week 2/28/2006
  • Broadband Adoption in the United States: Growing but Slowing, Pew 9/30/2005
  • Broadband Adoption at Home: A Pew Internet Project Data Memo May 18, 2003
  • As of the end of March 2003, 31% of home Internet users had a high-speed connection at home. This is up from 2in October 2002 and 21% March 2002. Today, approximately 30 million people - or 16% of all Americans - log on at home with a broadband connection. That is double the number who had a high-speed connection at home at the end of 2001 and, as noted, a 50% increase in the past year.
• Broadband Adoption at Home: A Pew Internet Project Data Memo, Pew 5/19/03
• Pew Internet, The Broadband Difference, at 2 (June 23, 2002)
• US Broadband Forecast, 2008 to 2013: Driving Growth Through Multi-play Marketing, Jupiter 5/22/2008
• comScore "Digital World: State Of The Internet" Report Highlights Growth in Emerging Internet Markets, comScore 3/20/2008
• 53% Of US Homes Broadband Connected - 72% of Internet users broadband connected, Broadband Reports 6/8/2007
• Broadband Spreads Out, Speeds Up, Emarketer 6/5/2007
• Denmark climbs to the top in the rankings of the World Economic Forum's Global Information Technology Report 2006-2007, World Economic Forum 3/30/2007
• Oh No, US Falls Behind Denmark In Terms Of Innovation, Techdirt 3/30/2007
• Jan 2007 Broadband Report, WebSiteOptimization 1/23/2007
• Three-Quarters of U.S. Web Users Are In the Fast Lane, Clickz 12/15/2006
• Bandwidth Getting Cheaper on a Per Mbps Basis, IP Democracy 9/26/2006
• Cable Still Ahead of DSL - Despite recent Pew claims, Broadband Reports 6/2/2006
• DSL Outpaces Cable in First Quarter - DSL has beaten cable six consecutive quarters, Broadband Reports 5/16/2006
• Fourfold Increase Projected In U.S. VoIP Subscribers In Four Years, Techweb 6/14/2006
• If FCC Broadband Data is Wrong... - What would that say about America's broadband policy?, Broadband Reports 5/9/2006
• Rural Broadband Remains Spotty, Clickz 5/9/2006
• Broadband Grows At Breakneck Speed, Led By DSL: Report, Networking Pipeline 3/7/2006
• Broadband Adoption Reaches Plateau, Clickz 10/5/2005
• Empty Pipes (42% Broadband Adoption), emarketer 10/5/2005
• Broadband Users Number 120-plus Million, Internet Week 9/30/2005
• Home broadband sign-ups 'soar', BBC 11/29/2005
• Broadband Reaches Over 40 Million In U.S., Networking Pipeline 11/15/2005
• U.S. Tops Broadband Usage, For Now, Clickz 11/15/2005
• Over Half Of Online Adults Use Broadband At Home, Information Week 5/13/2005
• We're Number Two!, Internet Week 4/22/2005
• Broadband Population Growth Continues, Clickz 6/3/2005
• ISPs gain ground vs. cable Net providers, USA Today 4/1/2005
• Report: Fast-Internet Use Doubles in U.S., eweek 11/23/2004
• NTCA RELEASES 2003 INTERNET/BROADBAND AVAILABILITY STUDY May 2003
• Cable loses broadband ground to DSL, CNET 2/20/2004
• US broadband net continues growth, BBC 1/5/2004
• Broadband use continues strong growth, CNET 6/19/03
• FCC: High-speed Net growth slowing, CNET 6/12/03
• Study: Broadband To Hit Quicksand, Newsfactor 5/19/03
• More Than Half of U.S., Canada Online, NUA 5/2/03
• Residential Broadband Forecasts, Technology Futures (2002) U.S. Broadband Households-TFI 2002 Base Forecast & U.S. Adoption of Broadband Access-
  Percent of Online Households & Examples of Consumer Adoptions (Gompertz Model) (Radio v TV v Color TV v Pay Cable v VCR v CD players ; & US Broadband Households by Data Rates & Nominal Data Rates as a Percentage of Broadband Households
• Mike Volpi, Cisco, Broadband, Slide 4 (9/2002) - 12.5% US HH have BB; 21.5% of online HH.  49% access multimedia content.  42% US HH want bundle from one service provider. (cite IDC, Cahners In-Stat, Kinetic Strategies)

• Technology Administration, Department of Commerce, Understanding Broadband Demand, A Review of Critical Issues , page 6 (Sept 23, 2002)
• Nationwide, new BB subs increased by 400% btw June 2000 and June 2002 to 24 m users (not HH) according to the Pew Internet and American Life Project.
• Consistent with these findings, NCTA reported 67% cable BB user growth btw august 2001 and August 2002.  For Q201 to Q202 Verizon reported 79% DSL user growth, SBC 67%, Qwest 37% (with 81% DSL revenue growth), BS 111% and Earthlink 74.6%.
• Nielson NetRatings reported strong BB demand and subs growth in some of the biggest US cities btw April 2001 and May 2002 - up 71% in NYC, 88% in Lost Angeles, 48% in Boston, 153% in WDC and 21% in SF.

 

• U.S. Broadband Growth Slows, Reuters 8/18/2004
• More high-speed Net subscribers in US, NUA 4/4/03
• Survey Finds Broadband’s on the Mind of Residential Builders and Developers, InStat 3/24/03
• More broadband users in the US (33.6m Dec 2002), NAU 1/17/03
• Broadband Broadens its Pitch Wash Post  Feb 2 2003 (available to 70% americans with a 13% take rate)
• As Broadband Gains, The Internet's Snails Fall Back NYT Feb 2003
• U.S. Broadband Growth Steady (28% US HH have Broadband, DSL or cable is available to 88% of HH, cable has 54% market share, DSL has 34% market share June 2002 source Gartner), ISP Planet 11/20/02
• e-Data Telecom: Broadband Internet Tops 15.6 Million in the U.S. - Subscriptions Jump 11% in 90 Days, ITAA 11/20/02
• Broadband adoption rise in North America, NUA 12/4/02
• Over 15 million broadband subscribers in US NUA 11/8/02
• Broadband in 25 % of online households in US NUA 10/28/02
• Broadband Hooks Up 13.1 Million Users ISP Planet 10/18/02
• US online households embrace broadband (28% US Online HH have Broadband - BB Market: ISDN 8%, 54% cable, DSL 34% market) - June 02 NUA 11/15/02
• U.S. Cable vs. DSL, Second Q 2002, Cyberatlas 8/23/02
• Broadband users use the Net differently, NUA 6/24/02
• Broadband Growth is Booming - NIELSEN//NETRATINGS Finds 65% of the Top 20 Local Markets Grow at Least 48 Percent in Past Year, ITAA 6/26/02
• Use of Internet Is More Active at High Speed, NYT 6/24/02
• Study: Broadband Adoption on the Rise, Newsfactor 6/24/02
• Broadband Fees Up; Adoption Rates Down, Cyberatlas 1/17/02
• Cable Widens Lead In High-Speed Race, INews 11/1/01
• 35 Million Broadband Users By 2006, Cyberatlas 10/18/01
• Report to the Governor in Council: Status of Competition in Canadian Telecommunications Markets Deployment/Accessibility of Advanced Telecommunications Infrastructure and Services September 2001

Global Broadband

• Broadband Europe 2007, Europa 8/9/2007
• World Broadband Statistics: Q4 2005, Point Topic Ltd (March 2006)
• World broadband maps Q4 2005 April 2006 Point Topic
• China to Top U.S. in Broadband Subscribers, Americas Network 5/17/2005
• Global Broadband Tops 123M, Clickz 9/21/2004
• Technology Administration, Department of Commerce, Understanding Broadband Demand, A Review of Critical Issues , page 5 (Sept 23, 2002)
• World Broadband Subscribers RHK Inc. www.rhk.com 4Q 2003
  • Cable: 32,857,000 - DSL: 65,714,000 - Other: 1,377,000

Broadband Adoption By Service by Percentage

NB: Some surveys contrast all types of Internet access (including dial up), some only contrast DSL to Cable.

• The 2007 Digital Economy Fact Book, Progress and Freedom Foundation p. 17 (Dec. 2007) ( PDF )
• Vermont Telecommunications Plan, Sept 2004 p. 4-29 (Vermont Residents)
• Cable represented 75.3% of advanced service lines, ADSL represented 14.9%, and other technologies represented 9.8% in December 2003. The relative position of cable and ADSL was 56% and 16.8% in June 2001. Cable represented 58% of high speed lines, with ADSL representing 34% as of year-end 2003. Pew Internet Project reported in April 2004 that 42% of broadband users at home connected via DSL, compared to 28% a year previously. [p.30] [p.29] FCC Fourth Sec. 706 Report (Sept. 2004)

Plan to Adopt Soon

Vermont Residents Likely to Upgrade to faster Internet connection in the next year: Yes 23% : No 67% Dont Know 10%. Vermont Residents without home Internet access likely to acquire it in the next year: Yes 23%: No 69% : Dont Know 7% : Refused 1%.Vermont Telecommunications Plan, Sept 2004 p. 4-27

Demographics

• Pew Internet Project, Digital Divisions (Oct. 2005) http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Digital_Divisions_Oct_5_2005.pdf
• Pew Internet Project, Internet: The Mainstreaming of Online Life, p. 67 http://www.pewinternet.org/PPF/r/148/report_display.asp

Broadband by Location

Broadband at Home

• Residential Broadband Penetration by Region Jan 2005. Leichtman Research Group, p. 4 (Sept 2005) http://www.leichtmanresearch.com/research/notes09_2005.pdf

Refusniks

• Explaining Dial-Up Laggards - Poor, retired, can't read or just don't care..., DSLreports 9/4/2007
• Offline Americans see Internet of Little Value, Park Assoc 3/27/2007
• US Internet Adoption to Slow, Clickz (February 2006)
• More refuseniks than dial up users. 72 m v 62 m. Pew 2004.
• A Nation Online: Entering the Broadband Age, Department of Commerce (Sept. 2004)
• Reasons for not having Internet connections at home. Vermont Telecommunications Plan, Sept 2004 p. 4-30 Reasons for not subscribing to a faster Internet access service. p. 4-31.
• Year Three of the UCLA Internet Report, UCLA Page 28 1/31/03
   

Percent of Non Users	2000	2001	2002
No Computer	37.7	25.5	28.5
No Interest	33.3	21.4	23
Dont Know How	18.9	6.9	15.4
Too Expensive	9.1	2.6	9.6
Fear of Tech	4.2	5.6	2.6
Privacy Security Concerns	2.9	1.6	0.8
Not Appropriate for Kids	1.9	0.8	1.4
Computer Not Good Enuf	1.4	1.2	3.4
Consumes too much time	0	1.6	3.6

Availability

• FCC Fourth Sec. 706 Report (Sept. 2004)
  • As of December 2003, only 6.8% of zip codes reported no high-speed lines, compared to 22.2% of zip codes with no reported lines in June 2001. There also has been a steady growth in the percent of zip codes reporting four or more providers of high-speed lines, from 27.5% in June 2001 to 46.3% in December 2003. With respect to the lowest density zip codes (fewer than six persons per square mile), there were reported lines in 73% of zip codes in December 2003, compared to 37% in June of 2001. [p.30]
  • [p.30]
• "In 2001 MSDW estimated that 90% of Americans will be able to sign up for either DSL or cable by the end of 2002, although other data has suggested that only 31% will have a competitive choice between these transmission platforms." Technology Administration, Department of Commerce, Understanding Broadband Depand, A Review of Critical Issues , page 5 (Sept 23, 2002)
• Availability of Broadband Internet Access:Empirical Evidence TPRC Paper 1999
• U.S. Broadband Growth Steady, ISP Planet 11/20/ 02 "cable modem and DSL together represented 88 percent of the household broadband access market in the U.S., up from 70 percent of broadband access in 2000"

Price Per Bit

Value of Bits: Cost Per Megabyte of Various Services

Service	Typical Monthly Bill	Revenue Per MB
Cable	$40	$0.00012
Broadband Internet	$50	$0.025
Phone	$70	$0.08
Dial Up Internet	$20	$0.33
Cell Phone	$50	$3.50
SMS		$3000

Source: Andrew Odlyzko, Pricing and Architecture of the Internet: Historical Perspectives from Telecommunications and Transportation, p. 4 (TPRC 2004)

Download Speeds

• Download time of a 2-begabyte file for various Internet Connections
• Transfer time, 3 megabyte file, hours/seconds
• 56 kbps - 7 min 15 sec
• 128 kbps - 3 min 7 secs
• 258 kbps - 1 min 33 secs
• 512 kbps - 47 secs
• 1.5 mbps - 16 secs
• 2 mbps - 12 secs
• 10 mbps - 2.4 secs
• 100 mbps - 0.24 secs
• File type and size
• Movie 1.5 hours DVD quality - 4000 megabytes
• Move 1.5 hour DivX - 650 megabytes
• 3 minute music wav file - 35 meg
• Digital photo 4 megapixels uncompressed - 11 meg
• ITU Internet for a Mobile Generation Report Adobe - 4 Meg
• 3 Minute Music File MP3 - 3 Meb
• Digital Photo 4 megapixels JPEG 10:1 - 1 meb
• Birth of Broadband, ITU Internet Report, (Sept 2003) Figure 1.2 page 2

Cable

• MSO Market Share as of 2Q04, Kinetic Strategies (10/25/04)

MSO	CMS Subs x1000
Comcast	6,000
TW Cable	3,548
Cox	2,246
Charter	1,711
Cablevision	1,179
Adelphia	1,164
Bright House	675
Mediacom	327
Insight	274
RCN	220
CableOne	152
Other	255
Total	17,752

 

• Comcast phone subs up 381,000, Telephony 10/26/2006
• Chart: Cable-DSL growth over past 12 months, CNET 11/12/2004
• FCC Fourth Sec. 706 Report (Sept. 2004)
  • Cable industry extended the offering of such broadband services to at least 90% of homes passed and increasing download speeds from 200 kbps to as much as 6 Mbps. [p. 14]
• Morgan Stanley 2004:  Cable Broadband Availability as a percentage of homes passed by cable:
• 1999: 34
• 2000: 58
• 2001: 71
• 2002: 82
• 2003: 88
• 2004: 90
• "over 75 million US Households can now get cable modem broadband access if they want it."  Technology Administration, Department of Commerce, Understanding Broadband Depand, A Review of Critical Issues , page 5 (Sept 23, 2002)
• Cable facilities pass approximately 94% of the nation's homes; over half of those homes are passed by upgraded cable capable of cable modem service.  Within five years, it is estimated that 84% of all homes will be passed by upgraded cable.  FCC Second Sec. 706 Report, CC Docket No. 98-146, ¶ 187 (August 21, 200
• NCTA Statistics and Resources
• Cable Modem Subscribers
• NCTA Broadband Deployment
• Homes Passed by Cable Modem Service
• Cable Telephony Subscribers
• Digital Cable Subscribers
• U.S. 3Q Cable Subs Double DSL ISP Planet 11/15/02
• More cable broadband subscribers in US, NUA 9/4/02
• Cable Modem Market Stats & Projections Cable Datacom News June 2001 (Broadband Internet penetration - 9.3 mil households or an 8.2 percent household penetration rate, 6.4 m cable or 70% market share, 2.9 m dsl)

Dial Up

• US increases its lead in dial-up Internet service, Muni 4/27/2005
• “Broadband Passes Dial-up in U.S.” MSNBC.com, August 18, 2004. (" That [63 m Broadband subscribers] amounts to 51 percent of U.S. residential users, up from 49 percent in June and from 38 percent just a year earlier. Sixty-one million, or 49 percent of residential users, us narrowband hookups, down from 62 percent last July, Nielsen//NetRatings said. ")

DSL

• The State of Broadband 2006: DSL rules for now, Gigaom 4/5/2007
• Bells: DSL subs and speeds rising, Telephony 11/2/2006
• DSL Subscribers To Double By 2009: Report, Networking Pipeline 3/9/2006
• DSL subscribers on the rise, CNET 5/13/2005
• Global DSL Soars 40 Percent in First Three Quarters 2004, clickz 12/10/2004
• "BS reported that it had increased its broadband coverage to 72% of the HH it serves (July 22, 2002).  SBC reported BB availability to 26 m customer locations, roughly 64% of its wireline customer locations (SBC DSL Update, Aug 2002).  Verizon said it had deployued DSL in COs serving 79% of the company's access lines as of the end of 2001 (Verizon Investor Quarterly Jan 31, 2002).  Qwest has stated an intention to increase from 45% BB availability at 2001 year-end to 70% by the end of 2002 (Dec 31, 2001)."  Technology Administration, Department of Commerce, Understanding Broadband Depand, A Review of Critical Issues , page 5 (Sept 23, 2002)
• SBC DSL Lines in Service
• Telechoise 1Q02 DSL US:  4,884,828 xDSL.com
• North American DSL Market Reaches 4.7 Million, CLEC Planet 11/28/01
• TeleChoice Expects U.S. DSL Market to Reach 17.4 Million by End of 2004 xDSL.com

Fiber

• U.S. Eighth in FTTH Deployment - 2.3% of homes now have FTTH., dslreports 3/5/2008
• Verizon: 522,000 Fios Customers - 118,000 of whom have Fios TV service, Broadband Reports 10/30/2006
• FCC Fourth Sec. 706 Report (Sept. 2004)
  • As of May 2004, carriers have deployed FTTH technology to 128 communities in 32 states. [p.17]
• Only 2-3% of fiber in North America is lit.  Source:  Ed Keible, President Endwave, Internet World Fall 2001.

Satellite

• Satellite Service Battles Lag, Wired 9/14/2004
• FCC Fourth Sec. 706 Report (Sept. 2004)
  • Satellite and wireless accounted for approximately 1.3% of high-speed lines (Dec. 2003). None of the satellite-based Internet access services satisfy the definition of advanced services. [p.23]
  • Two major providers: Starband [20k subs] and DirectWay. [p.23]
  • Boeing recently launched Connexion, a realtime, high-speed in-flight Internet access service for passengers using satellite technology. [p.23]
  • On July 17, 2004 , WildBlue Communications announced the launch of its first Ka-band satellite payload aboard Telesat’s Anik F2 satellite. [p.23]

Business

• "The most current study of BB availability to US businesses that we could find was from April 2001.  56% of small business, 85% of medium size businesses, and 87% of large businesses had access to broadband services if they wanted them." Technology Administration, Department of Commerce, Understanding Broadband Depand, A Review of Critical Issues , page 6 (Sept 23, 2002)

Wifi

Wifi Hotspots x1000

Note: Estimates of the number of hotspots vary widely. Note also that the term "hotspot" may not be consistently defined.

• Links
  • See Gartner
  • WifiFinder (checked Jan 2005 listing 6000 hotspots in North America)
  • Intel: Most Unwired Cities Survey
• "Today, there are more than 3,701 hotspots in the United States in locations such as cafes, airports, public parks and hotels." Intel, Most Unwired Cities Survey (2003) (citing IDC, 2003)
• WiFi hotspots top 45,000, Register Oct 22, 2003 (citing Pyramid Research "Around half of the world's hotspots are in Asia (24,300) while Europe (10,160) and the US (10,970) boast roughly the same number.")
• FCC Fourth Sec. 706 Report (Sept. 2004)
  • “Wi-Fi hardware market achieving staggering growth in 2003,…expecting 22.7 million NIC [network interface card] and AP units rolled out in 2003, a 214% increase from 2002’s 7.2 million units shipments.” [p. 19]
  • According to industry, approximately 2,000 to 3,000 WISPs serving nation’s rural areas [p.31]
• "Top 10" Wireless Internet Service Providers, Broadband Wireless Exchange's 2004 (January 2004)
• Number of Wireless LAN Hot Spots in US:  2000: 2,000 - 2001: 5,000 - 2002: 11,000.  Vendors Pursue Gold at End of Rainbow, Network World at 14 July 22, 2002 (citing Cahners In-Stat/MDR)
• 400,000 unl subs summer 2002 per Alvarion

Wireless

• Seeding The Cloud: What Mobile Access Means for Usage Patterns and Online Content, Pew 3/7/2008
• Mobile Access to Data and Information, Pew 3/7/2008
• Mobile broadband use jumps 154 percent, CNET 3/5/2008

Cost Model

Cable and DSL Internet Access Cost Structure - an example
$ Per customer per month for model network build

2002E	xDSL	Cable
Total Costs	$47	$40
Transport/network	2	4
ISP/Hosting	5	5
Customer Acquisition	15.5	14.0
CPE	4.5	3
Home Installation	5	6
Customer Service/Billing	11	7
Maintenance	4	1

Costs are for ILEC.  Excludes CLEC UNE costs.  Source: McKinsey adnd JFMS analysis 2001.